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(2007-01-25 05:44:48, Hit : 2624, Vote : 267)

Subject

SS-N-30 Bulava

영상 다운로드 : http://home.megapass.net/~kailos01/TopolM.wmv

러시아 최신형 잠수함발사 탄도미사일로서 미국의 MD를 무효로 돌려버린 굉장한 미사일입니다. 원래은 SS-N-20의 개량형 미사일인 SS-N-28이 채택될 뻔 했으나, 연이은 사고 문제에 의해 SS-N-30(SS-27)이 공식 채택되었습니다.
재돌입기동탄두(MARV)와 다탄두(MIRV) 형식을 모두 채택한 방식으로서 현재의 요격 시스템(현 개발 완료된 레이저 요격을포함)으로는 격추가 절대로 불가능 형식입니다. 자세한것은 위 동영상을 참고하시면 좋을 것 같습니다.

SS-27 또는 토폴-M으로 잘 알려진 이 미사일은 모스크바 열연구소에 의하여 개발
되었으며, 1998년부터 실전배치되었다. 단탄두 미사일이지만, 러시아 당국의 발표
에 의하면 미국의 ABM(탄도요격미사일) 시스템을 무력화시킬 수 있는 '복수기동형
(複數機動型) 개별유도탄두(MARV:Maneuverable Re-entry Vehicle)'를 장착할
수 있다고 한다. 이동식 및 사일로식이며, 잔존성이 높은 시스템이다.

전략무기감축협정(START) Ⅱ가 발효되는 경우 러시아는 다탄두 대륙간탄도미사일
인 SS-18 등을 파기해야만 한다. 뿐만 아니라 SS-18 등은 내용연수가 거의 끝나가
고 있다는 점 등을 고려할 때 러시아로서는 전략핵전력의 대폭적인 저하를 방지하
기 위하여 신형의 단탄두 ICBM을 개발·생산하여 점차 이를 대체해나가는 것이 급선
무였다. 이런 의미에서 토폴―M의 실전배치는 러시아에게는 중대한 의의를 갖는 일
이다.

러시아는 1998년 초부터 사일로에 있는 기존의 다탄두 미사일인 SS-18을 대체하
여 SS-27를 실전배치하기 시작하였다. 우크라이나에서 제조되었던 SS-18과는 달
리 SS-27는 전적으로 러시아 국내에서 설계되고 제조되었다. SS-27의 겉모습과 크
기는 미국의 미니트맨 탄도미사일과 비슷하다. 유효사거리는 최대 약 1만 459㎞이
며, 길이는 22.7m, 지름은 1.84m, 무게는 460㎏이다.
사거리 8,000km~10,000km의 신형 Bulava(SS-N-30) 잠수함 발사 탄도 미사일은 이미 Project 941 아쿨라급의 TK 208함에서 시험발사를 실시하였으며, 이러한 3단식 고체추진체는 Project 667BDR/667BDRM 칼마르/델핀급에 사용된 3단식 액체추진체인 R-29R/R-29RM/3M27 Shetal(SS-N-23 Skiff)와 사거리가 비슷하지만 보다 신속하게 발사할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 또한 탄두당 200킬로톤에 달하는 MIRV(Multiple Independently targetable Re-entry Vehicle) 10기를 운반할 수 있으며, CEP는 500m로 알려져 있다. 일부에서는 Bulava에 MIRV 10기를 모두 탑재하는 것은 아니며, 실전용에 MIRV는 3~4기만 탑재되고 나머지는 기만기를 탑재할 것이라는 주장이 제기되기도 하였다.

뭐.. 여기까지는 사전적인 내용이고

실질적으로 미 MD를 모조리 재구축하게 만든 장본인이자, SM-3나 THAAD를 완전
히 엿먹일 수 있는 미사일입니다.
탄두의 최종 유도에서 궤도를 자유자제로 바꿀 수 있으며, 단순히 포물선을 그리는
것이 아니기 때문에 사실상 요격은 불가능에 가깝다는군요.

3M14 Bulava (Mace) SS-N-30
The Bulava (SS-NX-30) is the submarine-launched version of Russia’s most advanced missile, the Topol-M (SS-27) solid fuel ICBM. The SS-NX-30 is a derivative of the SS-27, except for a slight decrease in range due to conversion of the design for submarine launch. The SS-27 has is 21.9 meters long, far too large to fit in a typical submarine. The largest previously deployed Russian SLBM was the R-39 / SS-N-20 STURGEON, which was 16 meters long. Russian sources report that the Bulava SS-N-30 ballistic missile can carry ten warheads to a range of 8,000km. Other sources suggest that the Bulava probably might have a range of 10,000 km, and is reportedly features a 550 kT yield nuclear warhead. Apparently up to six MIRVs can be placed at the cost of offloading warhead shielding and decoys.

The development of a solid-fuel ballistic missile, which was to have replaced the obsolete R-39 (RSM-52) SLBM (NATO reporting name, SS-N-20 Sturgeon), was not completed. The missile's initial three tests were conducted unsuccessfully at a White Sea testing range in the late 1990s. Each time, the missile blew up in mid-air, failing to reach its target. The R-39M SS-N-28 Bark was already in the test stage, when the Navy refused from the missile in favor of the new designer, the Moscow Teplotechnika Institute [Moscow Institute of Heat Technology]. The institute was engaged in ground based Topol missiles and actively lobbied by the Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov.

The creation of D-19UTH missile complex designed for the new nuclear strategic submarines of the Borei-class has been undertaken at GRTs KB named after V. P. Makeev. The D-19UTH launch complex is to replace the D-9 launch complex with RSM-52 ballistic missiles. The new complex will be equipped with a solid-fuel ballistic missile of greater reliability and longer range, capable of being fired from the surface and under-water positions.

The M in the missile index stands for "morskoy," or "naval," because the Bulava is, in effect, a derivative of the land-based missile Topol (SS-27). Yuri Solomonov, head of the Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology, the Bulava designer, referring to the size and weight restrictions for sea-launched missiles, said that "here there is no talk of unification because you get two basically different theoretical approaches." Nonetheless, he admits, the designers took as much as they could from the SS-27 because in today's Russia - a far cry from the Soviet era - cost effectiveness also becomes a priority. Human resources made up for scarce financing: people who can design, test, and deploy state-of-the-art missiles appropriately for the little money they receive are certainly worth their weight in gold.

The Moscow Heat Engineering Institute was ordered to develop a new SLBM, i.e. the Bulava. The Yuri Dolgoruky and the world's largest Typhoon-class SSBN, the Dmitry Donskoi, had to be redesigned accordingly. The missile platform, rather than the missile itself, was the main problem. Any Russian, US, French or British SSBN uses special propellant charges, cavitators, when it launches missiles from beneath the waves. These cavitators precede the missile, pushing water aside, thereby enabling the missile to move freely.

It is extremely difficult to identify the appropriate clearance between two physical bodies flying out of the water to ensure that the flames of a powder or another charge do not affect the warhead of another. The point is that several nuclear warheads share one multiple independent re-entry vehicle (MIRV). At the same time, the speeds of these two bodies must be synchronised to the highest degree of accuracy to ensure the clearance is not too great. Moreover, the cavitator must fly aside on the surface and let the missile continue to its target.

The difficulties did not only lie in the technical and technological aspects. The project also failed to receive regular budget allocations at the planned levels. This naturally affected the commissioning of the new strategic systems and the smooth running of the missile-production chain. Nonetheless, the new-generation SLBM was developed in record time, despite the problems besetting the Moscow Heat Engineering Institute and the country's military-industrial sector. Financing began in late 1999.

Moscow initially planned to conduct the first test launch of the Bulava during 2004. Russia successfully conducted surface and underwater pop-up tests of the Bulava missile in 2004. The 2004 tests entailed the launching of a practice round, the goal being to test the launcher that fires the missile from the submarine's silo. The first successful underwater launch was conducted in September 2004 An exact replica of a real Bulava reached a preset altitude after being launched from the submerged world's largest nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN), the Dmitry Donskoi.

The first flight test launch was conducted 27 September 2005 from the Dmitry Donskoy nuclear submarine in the Northern Fleet. The missile was launched from the Dmitry Donskoy, a Typhoon class ballistic missile submarine, at 5:22 p.m. Moscow time (1:22 p.m. GMT). "At the estimated elapsed time a dummy warhead hit the designated 'target' at the Kura test site on the Kamchatka Peninsula," a navy spokesman said. Russian Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov praised this test of the new Bulava missile system. "We focused financial and administrative resources on designing the fourth-generation Bulava system," Sergei Ivanov said. "The Armed Forces will get these weapons by the end of 2007."

On 21 December 2005 Russian Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov said the Bulava ballistic missile had successfully completed its test launch. "The launch has been conducted successfully," Sergei Ivanov said in a report to the Russian President. "The separation of all stages, combat and simulation blocks occurred according to pre-set parameters."

The missile was launched from the submerged Dmitry Donskoy, a Typhoon-class ballistic missile submarine, and successfully hit its dummy target at the Kura test site on the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia's Far East. "What is important is that the submarine was moving [underwater], it was not stationary," the minister said. It is the first test launch of the Bulava missile from a submerged position and the second overall under the trial program.

Ivanov also said the tests of the Bulava missile would continue in 2006. "We are fairly certain that the [Bulava] missile system, and a new submarine to be equipped with it, will be deployed by our navy in 2008," he said [this seems to represent a slight slip from the "end of 2007" reported a few months earlier]. Russia's Borey-class nuclear submarines will be equipped with Bulava missiles. Two submarines are being built at the Sevmash plant in Severodvinsk in the Arkhangelsk Region, in north European Russia.

Older Typhoon Project 941 submarines are also expected to undergo an upgrade for the new Bulavas.

pig

아우 이어폰끼고 2번쩨영상보다가 귀먹는줄 알았네.....

2009/02/05


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